Ultrasensitive Detection of p24 in Plasma Samples from People with Primary and Chronic HIV-1 Infection
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
RESULTS
Acid dissociation to disrupt antigen-antibody immune complexes is compatible with ultrasensitive p24 quantification.

Acid-mediated ICD combined with usp24 assay enhances p24 quantification in plasma samples of people with HIV.

Ultrasensitive p24 detection in a cohort of PWH during primary HIV-1 infection.

Ultrasensitive p24 quantification in PWH at chronic HIV-1 infection prior to and after cART initiation.


Characteristic | Participants with positive p24 at W48 (n = 19) | Participants with negative p24 at W48 (n = 89) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (median [IQR]) | 32 (27–42) | 38 (31–44) | 0.1607 |
Gender (no. [%]) | 0.8376 | ||
°Male | 13 (68.4) | 63 (70.8) | |
°Female | 6 (31.6) | 26 (29.2) | |
cART arm (no. [%]) | 0.5580 | ||
°Efavirenz | 8 (42.1) | 32 (36.0) | |
°Raltegravir (400 mg) | 4 (21.1) | 30 (33.7) | |
°Raltegravir (800 mg) | 7 (36.8) | 27 (30.3) | |
Response to TB treatmentb (no. [%]) | 0.8921 | ||
°Cure | 3 (15.8) | 13 (14.6) | |
°Treatment completed | 16 (84.2) | 75 (84.3) | |
°Treatment failure | 0 (0) | 1 (1.1) | |
IRISc (no. [%]) | 0.5080 | ||
°Yes | 1 (5.3) | 9 (10.1) | |
°No | 18 (94.7) | 80 (89.9) | |
Resistance to ARV treatment at follow-up (no. [%]) | 0.6862 | ||
°Yes/potential | 3 (15.8) | 11 (12.4) | |
°No | 16 (84.2) | 78 (87.6) | |
Resistance to ARV treatment at W48 (no. [%]) | 0.4677 | ||
°Yes/potential | 1 (5.3) | 2 (2.2) | |
°No | 18 (94.7) | 87 (97.8) | |
AUC viral load (median [IQR]) | 255,302 (77,868−1,002,300) | 180,736 (73,990–745,161) | 0.6597 |
Frequency detectable viral load (>50 copies/ml) (no. [%]) | |||
°W4 | 9 (47.4) | 50 (56.2) | 0.4837 |
°W12 | 4 (21.1) | 18 (20.2) | 0.9352 |
°W24 | 3 (16.7) | 12 (13.5) | 0.7227 |
°W48 | 6 (31.6) | 8 (9) | 0.0078 |

DISCUSSION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Cohorts and ethics statement.
Samples.
Immune complex dissociation.
(i) Heat-mediated immune complex dissociation.
(ii) Heat-mediated immune complex dissociation with SDS and DTPA.
(iii) Acid dissociation.
usp24 digital immunoassay.
IFN-α ultrasensitive digital immunoassay.
Clinical parameters and inflammation biomarkers.
Statistical analyses.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
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